Usoro ikuku oxidation bụ usoro oxidation nke na-eji oxygen dị na ikuku na-eme iheceriumka tetravalent n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Usoro a na-agụnye ịsa nri fluorocarbon cerium ore uche, obere ụwa oxalates, na carbonates na ikuku (nke a maara dị ka oxidation roasting) ma ọ bụ ikpo ọkụ ụwa hydroxides (ikuku ikuku oxidation) ma ọ bụ iwebata ikuku n'ime ụwa hydroxides slurry (mmiri ikuku oxidation) maka oxidation.
1. oxidation na-ekpo ọkụ
Na-asachapụ cerium fluorocarbon n'ikuku na 500 ℃ ma ọ bụ rie Baiyunebo obere ụwa na-etinye uche na sodium carbonate na ikuku na 600-700 ℃. N'oge mwepu nke mineral ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe, cerium dị na mineral na-eme ka ọ bụrụ tetravalent. Ụzọ maka nkewaceriumsitere na ngwaahịa calcined gụnyere ụwa sulfate na-adịghị ahụkebe usoro nnu okpukpu abụọ, usoro mmịpụta ihe mgbaze, wdg.
Na mgbakwunye na oxidation roasting nkeobere ụwana-etinye uche, nnu dị ka ụwa oxalate na-adịghị ahụkebe na carbonate ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe na-enweta ire ere n'ime ikuku ikuku, na cerium na-agbaze na CeO2. Iji hụ na ezigbo solubility nke ngwakọta ụwa oxide na-adịghị ahụkebe enwetara site n'ọkụ, okpomọkụ amịkpọ ekwesịghị ịdị oke elu, na-adịkarị n'etiti 700 na 800 ℃. Enwere ike igbari oxides na 1-1.5mol/L sulfuric acid solution ma ọ bụ 4-5mol/L nitric acid solution. Mgbe ị na-eji sulfuric acid na nitric acid na-eji ọla a ṅara n'ọkụ na-awụsa, cerium na-abanyekarị na ngwọta n'ụdị tetravalent. Nke mbụ gụnyere ịnweta ngwọta sulfate ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere 50g/L REO na gburugburu 45 ℃, wee mepụta cerium dioxide site na iji usoro mmịpụta P204; Nke ikpeazụ gụnyere ịkwadebe ngwọta nitrate ụwa dị ụkọ nke nwere REO nke 150-200g/L na okpomọkụ nke 80-85 ℃, wee jiri TBP mmịpụta kewapụ cerium.
Mgbe a na-agbaze oxides ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe na sulfuric acid ma ọ bụ nitric acid, CeO2 anaghị adị mfe. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa ka a gbakwunye obere acid hydrofluoric na ngwọta dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na-esote na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma nke CeO2.
2. Akọrọ ikuku oxidation
Tinye mmiri hydroxide na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ime ọkụ ihicha ma oxidize ya n'okpuru ọnọdụ ikuku na 100-120 ℃ maka awa 16-24. Mmeghachi omume oxidation bụ nke a:
4Ce(OH)3+O2+2H2O=4Ce(OH)4
Ọnụego oxidation nke cerium nwere ike iru 97%. Ọ bụrụ na oxidation okpomọkụ na-n'ihu abawanye na 140 ℃, oxidation oge nwere ike shortened ka 4-6 awa, na ọxịdashọn ọnụego nke cerium nwekwara ike iru 97% ~ 98%. Usoro oxidation ikuku akọrọ na-emepụta nnukwu uzuzu na ọnọdụ ọrụ na-adịghị mma, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe ugbu a na ụlọ nyocha.
3. Ikuku mmiri ikuku oxidation
Gwakọta mmiri hydroxide na-adịghị ahụkebe na mmiri iji mepụta slurry, jikwaa itinye uche REO na 50-70g / L, gbakwunye NaOH iji mee ka alkalinity nke slurry dị 0.15-0.30mol / L, na mgbe ọ dị ọkụ na 85 ℃, webata ikuku ozugbo na oxidize niile trivalent cerium na slurry ka tetravalent cerium. N'oge usoro oxidation, evaporation nke mmiri dị oke ibu, ya mere, a ga-agbakwunye mmiri ụfọdụ n'oge ọ bụla iji nọgide na-enwekwu ike nke ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe. Mgbe 40L nke slurry oxidized na nke ọ bụla ogbe, oge oxidation bụ 4-5 awa, na oxidation ọnụego nke cerium nwere ike iru 98%. Mgbe 8m3 nke obere ụwa hydroxide slurry bụ oxidized oge ọ bụla, ọnụego ikuku bụ 8-12m3 / min, na oge oxidation na-abawanye ruo 15h, ọnụego oxidation nke cerium nwere ike iru 97% ~ 98%.
Njirimara nke usoro ikuku ikuku oxidation dị elu bụ: ọnụ ọgụgụ oxidation dị elu nke cerium, nnukwu mmepụta, ọnọdụ ọrụ dị mma, ọrụ dị mfe, na usoro a na-ejikarị na ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta cerium dioxide.
4, Pressurized mmiri ikuku ọxịdashọn
N'okpuru nrụgide nkịtị, ikuku oxidation na-ewe ogologo oge, ndị mmadụ na-ebelata oge oxidation site na iji nrụgide. Mmụba nke ikuku ikuku, ya bụ, mmụba nke akụkụ ikuku oxygen na usoro ahụ, na-eme ka ikuku oxygen na-agbaze na ngwọta na mgbasa nke ikuku oxygen na mgbasa ozi elu nke ihe ndị dị n'ụwa hydroxide na-adịghị ahụkebe, si otú a na-eme ka usoro oxidation ngwa ngwa.
Gwakọta hydroxide ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe na mmiri ruo ihe dịka 60g/L, dozie pH ruo 13 na sodium hydroxide, bulie okpomọkụ ruo ihe dịka 80 ℃, webata ikuku maka oxidation, na-achịkwa nrụgide na 0.4MPa, wee oxidize maka awa 1. Ọnụego oxidation nke cerium nwere ike iru karịa 95%. Na mmepụta n'ezie, a na-enweta oxidation raw material ụkọ earth hydroxide site na ntughari alkali site na mmiri ozuzo nke ụwa sodium sulfate mgbagwoju nnu. Iji mee ka usoro ahụ dị mkpụmkpụ, enwere ike ịgbakwunye mmiri ozuzo nke nnu sodium sulfate mgbagwoju anya na ngwọta alkaline na tankị oxidation na-arụ ọrụ, na-ejigide nrụgide na okpomọkụ. Enwere ike iwebata ikuku ma ọ bụ ikuku oxygen bara ụba iji mee ka ụwa dị ụkọ na nnu dị mgbagwoju anya ghọọ hydroxides na-adịghị ahụkebe, n'otu oge ahụ, Ce (OH) 3 n'ime ya nwere ike oxidized na Ce (OH) 4.
N'okpuru ọnọdụ nrụgide, ọnụ ọgụgụ ntụgharị alkali nke nnu dị mgbagwoju anya, ọnụ ọgụgụ oxidation nke cerium, na ọnụ ọgụgụ oxidation nke cerium na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma. Mgbe nkeji 45 nke mmeghachi omume gachara, mgbanwe mgbanwe nke nnu alkali okpukpu abụọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ oxidation nke cerium ruru ihe karịrị 96%.
Oge nzipu: Mee-09-2023