The mmịpụta, nkwadebe na nchekwa nchekwa nkegadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃)bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke nhazi ihe mejupụtara ụwa. Nke a bụ nkọwa zuru ezu:
一, Usoro mmepụta nke gadolinium oxide
A na-ewepụtakarị Gadolinium oxide site na ore ụwa na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere gadolinium, ọla nkịtị gụnyere monazite na bastnäsite. Usoro mmịpụta gụnyere tumadi usoro ndị a:
1.Ore ire ere:
A na-eji acid ma ọ bụ usoro alkaline mebie ọla ndị ahụ na-adịghị ahụkebe.
Usoro acid: Jiri sulfuric acid ma ọ bụ hydrochloric acid mebie ọla iji mee ka ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe nke ụwa ghọọ nnu na-agbaze.
Usoro alkaline: Jiri sodium hydroxide ma ọ bụ potassium hydroxide gbazere ọla na oke okpomọkụ iji mee ka ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe ụwa ghọọ hydroxides.
2.Rare ụwa nkewa:
Kewapụ gadolinium na ihe ngwọta ụwa agwakọta dị ụkọ site na mmịpụta ihe mgbaze ma ọ bụ mgbanwe ion.
Usoro mmịpụta ihe mgbaze: Jiri ihe mgbaze organic (dị ka tributyl phosphate) wepụta ion gadolinium nke ọma.
Usoro mgbanwe ion: Jiri resin mgbanwe ion kewaa ion gadolinium.
3.Ịdị ọcha nke gadolinium:
Site na otutu mmịpụta ma ọ bụ mgbanwe ion, a na-ewepụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-adịghị ahụkebe ụwa na adịghị ọcha iji nweta ogige gadolinium dị ọcha (dị ka gadolinium chloride ma ọ bụ gadolinium nitrate).
4.Ngbanwe na gadolinium oxide:
A na-eme ka ogige gadolinium dị ọcha (dị ka gadolinium nitrate ma ọ bụ gadolinium oxalate) na-ekpo ọkụ na okpomọkụ dị elu iji mebie ma mepụta gadolinium oxide.
Ihe atụ mmeghachi omume: 2 Gd(NO₃)₃ → Gd₂O₃ + 6 NO₂ + 3/2 O₂
二, Usoro nkwadebe nke gadolinium oxide
1.High okpomọkụ calcination usoro:
Calcine gadolinium salts (dị ka gadolinium nitrate, gadolinium oxalate ma ọ bụ gadolinium carbonate) na okpomọkụ dị elu (n'elu 800 Celsius) iji debie na ịmepụta gadolinium oxide.
Nke a bụ usoro nkwadebe nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe ma dị mma maka mmepụta nnukwu.
2.Hydrothermal usoro:
A na-emepụta Gadolinium oxide nanoparticles site na imeghachi salts gadolinium na ngwọta alkaline n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu na nrụgide hydrothermal.
Usoro a nwere ike ịkwadebe gadolinium oxide dị ọcha na nha nha nha.
3.Sol-gel usoro:
A na-ejikọta salts Gadolinium na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe (dị ka citric acid) iji mepụta sol, nke a na-agbanye, nke a mịrị amị na calcined iji nweta gadolinium oxide.
Usoro a dabara adaba maka ịkwadebe nano-scale gadolinium oxide powder.
三, Ọnọdụ nchekwa nchekwa nke gadolinium oxide
Gadolinium oxide kwụsiri ike na ụlọ okpomọkụ, mana ọnọdụ nchekwa ndị a ka kwesịrị iburu n'uche iji hụ na nchekwa na arụmọrụ akụrụngwa:
1. Ihe mgbochi mmiri:
Gadolinium oxide nwere ogo hygroscopicity ụfọdụ ma ekwesịrị ịchekwa ya na ebe akọrọ iji zere kọntaktị na mmiri.
A na-atụ aro ka ị na-eji akpa mkpuchi ma gbakwunye ihe na-ekpo ọkụ (dị ka gel silica).
2.Nkwụsị ọkụ:
Gadolinium oxide na-enwe mmetụta nke ìhè, na ikpughe ogologo oge na ọkụ siri ike nwere ike imetụta ọrụ ya.
Ekwesịrị ịchekwa ya na ebe dị jụụ, gbara ọchịchịrị.
3. Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ:
Ekwesịrị ijikwa ọnọdụ nchekwa ahụ n'ime oke nke ụlọ (15-25 Celsius C), na-ezere ọnọdụ dị elu ma ọ bụ dị ala.
Okpomọkụ dị elu nwere ike ime mgbanwe nhazi na gadolinium oxide, na obere okpomọkụ nwere ike ime ka hygroscopicity.
4. Zere kọntaktị na acid:
Gadolinium oxide bụ alkaline oxide na ọ ga-eji acid eme ihe ike.
Wepụ ihe acidic n'oge nchekwa.
5.gbochie uzuzu:
Gadolinium oxide ntụ ntụ nwere ike ịkpasu traktị iku ume na akpụkpọ ahụ.
Jiri ihe mkpuchi mechiri emechi mgbe ị na-echekwa ma yikwasị akụrụngwa nchebe (dịka ihe mkpuchi na uwe) mgbe ị na-ejizi.
IV. Mkpachapụ anya
1. Nsi:Gadolinium oxide n'onwe ya dị ntakịrị na nsị, mana uzuzu ya nwere ike kpasuo traktị iku ume na akpụkpọ ahụ, ya mere ekwesịrị izere kọntaktị ozugbo.
2. Mkpofu mkpofu:Ekwesịrị ịmegharị ma ọ bụ mesoo ihe mkpofu gadolinium oxide dabere na ụkpụrụ njikwa kemịkalụ dị ize ndụ iji zere mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi.
Site na mmịpụta ahụ dị n'elu, nkwadebe na ụzọ nchekwa, akwa gadolinium oxide nwere ike nweta nke ọma na n'enweghị nsogbu iji gboo mkpa ya n'ọhịa nke ihe magnetik, ngwa anya, ihe ngosi ahụike, wdg.
Oge nzipu: Feb-28-2025