Lanthanide
Lanthanide, lanthanide
Nkọwa: Ihe 57 ruo 71 na tebụl oge. Okwu izugbe maka ihe iri na ise sitere na lanthanum ruo lutium. Ekwuru dị ka Ln. The valence electron nhazi bụ 4f0 ~ 145d0 ~ 26s2, nke esịtidem mgbanwe mmewere;Lanthanumna-enweghị 4f eletrọn a na-ewepụkwa na lanthanide usoro.
Ịdọ aka ná ntị: Chemistry_ Inorganic chemistry_ Elements and Inorganic chemistry
Okwu metụtara ya: ogbo hydrogen nickel-metal hydride batrị
Otu 15 yiri ọcha n'etiti lanthanum nalutiumna tebụl oge a na-akpọ Lanthanide. Lanthanum bụ ihe mbụ dị na Lanthanide, nke nwere akara kemikal La na nọmba Atọm 57. Lanthanum bụ ihe dị nro (nwere ike iji mma bee ozugbo), ductile, na ọlaọcha na-acha ọcha metal nke na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-efunahụ ya mgbe ikuku. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ekewa lanthanum dị ka ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ụwa, ihe dị n'ime ya dị na jikọrọ ọnụ dị 28th, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu atọ karịa nke lead. Lanthanum enweghị nsi pụrụ iche na ahụ mmadụ, mana o nwere ụfọdụ ọrụ nje.
Ogige Lanthanum nwere ojiji dị iche iche ma jiri ya mee ihe na ihe mgbakwunye, ihe mgbakwunye iko, oriọna carbon arc na oriọna foto ma ọ bụ ihe nrụpụta, ihe mgbanye na ọkụ na ọkụ, tubes ray cathode, scintilators, electrodes GTAW na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ.
Otu n'ime ihe eji eme batrị anode nickel-metal hydride batrị bụ La (Ni3.6Mn0.4Al0.3Co0.7). N'ihi ọnụ ahịa dị elu nke iwepu Lanthanide ndị ọzọ, lanthanum dị ọcha ga-eji ọla agwakọta obere ụwa nwere ihe karịrị 50% lanthanum dochie ya. Ogbo ogbo hydrogen nwere lanthanum, nke nwere ike ịchekwa oke hydrogen ya ugboro 400 n'oge mgbasa ozi na-agbanwe agbanwe wee hapụ ike okpomọkụ. Ya mere, hydrogen sponge alloys nwere ike iji na-echekwa ike usoro.Lanthanum oxidenaLanthanum hexaboridena-eji dị ka ihe na-ekpo ọkụ cathode ihe na electron agụụ tubes. kristal nke Lanthanum hexaboride bụ ihe na-egbuke egbuke na ogologo ndụ na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ eletrọn maka eletrọn microscopes na Ụlọ-mmetụta thruster.
A na-eji Lanthanum trifluoride mee ihe dị ka mkpuchi oriọna fluorescent, gwakọtara yaEuropium (III) fluoride,ma jiri ya dị ka ihe nkiri kristal nke fluoride ion selective electrode. Lanthanum trifluoride bụkwa akụkụ dị mkpa nke iko fluoride dị arọ nke a na-akpọ ZBLAN. Ọ nwere ezigbo nnyefe na oke infrared ma na-ejikarị ya na sistemụ nkwukọrịta eriri anya. Cerium doppedLanthanum (III) bromidenaLanthanum (III) chloridenwere njirimara nke mmepụta ọkụ dị elu, mkpebi ike kachasị mma na nzaghachi ngwa ngwa. Ha bụ ihe scintillator inorganic, nke a na-ejikarị azụmaahịa maka neutron na γ A nchọpụta maka radieshon. Iko a gbakwunyere na Lanthanum oxide nwere nnukwu ntugharị refractive na mgbasa dị ala, ma nwee ike melite nguzogide alkali nke iko. Enwere ike iji ya mee enyo anya pụrụ iche, dị ka iko infrared absorption, maka igwefoto na lenses teliskop. Ịtinye obere lanthanum na nchara nwere ike imeziwanye nguzogide mmetụta ya na ductility, ebe ịtinye lanthanum na molybdenum nwere ike ibelata ike ya na nghọta na mgbanwe okpomọkụ. Lanthanum na ogige dị iche iche nke ihe ndị ọzọ na-adịghị ahụkebe nke ụwa (oxides, chlorides, wdg) bụ akụkụ nke ihe dị iche iche na-akpali akpali, dị ka mgbawa mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume.
Lanthanum carbonatekwadoro dị ka ọgwụ. Mgbe hyperphosphatemia na-apụta na ọdịda akụrụ, ị were Lanthanum carbonate nwere ike ịhazi phosphate na serum iji ruo ọkwa ebumnuche. Lanthanum gbanwere bentonite nwere ike wepụ phosphate na mmiri iji zere Eutrophication nke mmiri ọdọ mmiri. Ọtụtụ ngwaahịa ọdọ mmiri a na-eme ka ọ dị ọcha nwere obere lanthanum, nke bụkwa iji wepụ phosphate ma belata uto algae. Dị ka Horseradish peroxidase, a na-eji lanthanum mee ihe dị ka ihe na-achọpụta ihe na-achọpụta ihe na-ahụ maka ihe ndị dị ndụ.
Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-01-2023