AIhe mejupụtara bụ na ọ bụrụ na mmanụ bụ mmanụ nke ụlọ ọrụ, mgbe ahụ, mgbe ahụ, ebe nchekwa nke ụwa bụ.
Ogige ụwa dị ala bụ mkpọbiri nke otu ọla. Achọpụtala ihe dị n'ụwa, ree) onye ọzọ kemgbe ọgwụgwụ nke narị afọ nke 18. E nwere ụdị Reee 17, gụnyere 15 lanthanides na tebụl kemịkal nke kemịkalụ nke ihe ndị na-eme kemịkata (nke), na-eji elektrọnik dị ka eletrik, na petrochomicals na setrallicals. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 3-5 ọ bụla, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwere ike ịchọpụta ihe eji eji uwa ohuru di ma obu ihe isii apughi idi iche na uwa.
China bara ụba n'ụwa nke mineral, ọkwa nke mbụ na ụwa atọ: Nke mbụ na nchekwa, na-akwado ihe dị ka 23%; Mmepụta bụ nke mbụ, na-aza ajụjụ maka 80% ruo 90% nke ụkọ ụwa n'ụwa; Olu ahịa bụ nke mbụ, ya na 60% ruo 70% nke ngwaahịa ụwa na-ebugharị ná mba ọzọ. N'otu oge ahụ, China bụ naanị mba nwere ike ibute ụdị ọla mmadụ 17, nke a na-ejikarị ala na oke ikuku nke nwere ndị agha.china bụ ndị agha .chi.
RIswa bụ ihe a na-ahụ dị mkpa n'ụzọ dị mkpa, nke a maara dị ka "monosodium glutanate" na "nne nke ihe ọhụụ", ma na-ejikwa Sayensị na Sciencey na-akụzi na Science. Dabere na ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na teknụzụ ozi, ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe na-adịgide adịgide, nchekwa na-arụ ọrụ na elektrọniki, ọrụ nchekwa, nchebe na gburugburu ebe obibi, nchebe na gburugburu. .
Ruo mbido 1983, Japan mere ka usoro nchekwa dị mkpa maka mineral a na-adịghị ahụkebe, na 83% nke ụwa nke ala ya sitere na China.
Leba anya na United States ọzọ, ebe nchekwa uwa ya bu nke abuo, kama uwa ya nile bu uwa nile. Ezumike ala dị oke ọnụ, na-adịkwa m ọkụ n'ụwa adịghị mma, nke a ghọrọla ụwa dị ụkọ n'ụwa. 80% n'ime US Parten si China na-abịa.
Compade Deng Xiapong ozugbo: "E nwere mmanụ dị na Middle East na ụwa dị ụkọ na China." Ihe ndị a na-ahụ maka okwu ya bụ ihe na-apụta n'onwe ya. Oke ụwa dị oke mkpa "msg" dị mkpa maka ngwaahịa 1/5 dị elu na ụwa, kamakwa mgbapụta mgbawa nke China na tebụl na-aga n'ihu. Chebe ma jiri sayensi jiri ihe dị ụkọ n'ụwa, ọ bụrụla atụmatụ mba dị iche iche nke ndị nwere oke dị oke ọnụ ahịa site na a na-ere ahịa na mba ndị ọdịda anyanwụ. N'afọ 1992, Deng yng xioping doro anya na ọkwa China dị ka nnukwu mba ụwa.
Ndepụta nke US nke ụwa dị oke egwu
A na-eji 1 lanthanum na ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri na - eme ihe nkiri
A na-eji na-eme ọtụtụ ihe
A na-eji Praseodmium 3 n'ọtụtụ piramic pigments
A na-eji neodmium ọtụtụ ihe na aerospace
5 cymbals na-enye ume inyeaka maka Satellites
A na-etinye akwụkwọ nke 6arium na ụbụrụ na atomic
7 Elu Elu na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-egosipụta
GaDolinium 8 maka ndọta ahụike na-eche echiche
A na-eji Tarbium na ụgbọ elu nku
A na-eji erbium 10 na ruterfinder na-eme ihe ndị agha
Ejiri DysPrumium dị ka isi iyi maka ihe nkiri na ibipụta
A na-eji Holmium mee ihe iji mee ngwaọrụ nkwukọrịta
A na-eji thilium 13 maka nyocha na ọgwụgwọ nke tumors
14 Ytterbium View maka ihe nchekwa kọmputa
Ngwa nke 15 Lotutium na teknụzụ batrị
16 Yttrium na-eme wires na ike ụgbọ elu
A na-ejikarị scandium mee ihe
Nkọwa a bụ ndị a:
1
Lanthanum (la)
N'ime agha Gulf, ngwaọrụ ọhụụ nke abalị na-enweghị atụ na-enweghị atụ na -akpata oke nke tankị US.The nke dị n'elu foto na-egosi chloride chloride chloride(Map data)
A na-ejikwa lanthanum mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ihe, ihe eji ele elektrik, ihe eji eme ya, ihe eji eme ya, wdg.lanthanum, ndị sayensị Calcium "maka mmetụta ya na ihe ọkụkụ.
2
Cerium (OA)
Enwere ike iji Celliumst, arc Electrode na iko pụrụ iche na-eguzogide oke ọkụ ma enwere ike iji ya(Map data)
(1) Cellium, dị ka ihe mgbakwunye iko, nwere ike ịmịpụta ultraviolet na ụzarị nke ọma, ma belata ụrọ ultravile.SIT 1997, Cerri na-agbakwunye na iko ọ bụla na Japan. N'afọ 1996, a na-eji ihe dị ka afọ 2000 na-eme ihe na iko ụgbọala, yana ihe karịrị afọ 1000 na United States.
(2) Ugbu a, a na-eji Cetorium na-eme ka ọ dị ọcha nke ahịhịa na-edozi ahụ. Onyinye nke cerium na akaụntụ United States maka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke mkpokọta ụwa.
(3) Enwere ike iji sịlịum sulfide na pigments kama ụzọ carmium na ọla ndị ọzọ na-emerụ ahụ gburugburu ebe obibi na ndị mmadụ. Enwere ike iji ya na agba plastik, mkpuchi, ink na akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ.at ugbu a, ụlọ ọrụ na-eduga ya bụ French Ranne Plancrk.
(4) O.A.: Lisaf Laser Sistem bụ Laser siri ike nke United States mepụtara. Enwere ike iji ya ịchọpụta ngwa agha na ọgwụ site na nyochaa nlele anya ịta ahụhụ. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ngwa ngwa niile dị larịị nwere ntụ ntụ ntụ ntụ, ihe nchekwa ahịhịa, ihe eji eme ihe na-adịgide adịgide, ụfọdụ ihe dị iche iche na-adịgide adịgide.
3
Praseodmium (pr)
Praseodmium Neodmium
(1) A na-eji teaseyomum ọtụtụ ebe na ceramik na caramicy na-eji ya kwa ụbọchị. Enwere ike ịgwakọta ya na ceramiiki glaze iji mee ka glaze agba, ma enwere ike iji ya na-acha ọkụ. Pimentit a na-acha odo odo na agba dị ọcha ma maa mma.
(2) A na-eji ya emepụta magnets na-adịgide adịgide, a na-ejikwa neodmium rụọ ọrụ, enwere ike ịhazi ya na ndọpụta nke usoro dị iche iche.
(3) Ejiri na Petroleum Cattalytic Cracking.The a nwere ike imeziwanye ihe na-enweghị atụ site na ịgbakwunye akwara na-enye mmanụ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eweta ihe na-eweta ihe nkiri na 1970s, na ihe oriri na-abawanye.
(4) Enwere ike iji promaodmium maka mgbakwunye ndị ọzọ. A na-ejikarị ya, a na-eji ọtụtụ ebe dị anya.
4
Neodmium (nd)
Kedu ihe kpatara M1 ka a ga-ebuta tank ahụ?(Map data)
Site na ịmụ nwa, neodmium malitere ịdị. Ọbịbịa Neoodmium rụọ ọrụ dị ụkọ n'ụwa, rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ime ala ubi ụwa, ma na-eme ka ahịa ụwa dị ụkọ.
Neoodmium aghọọla ntụpọ dị ọkụ n'ahịa ruo ọtụtụ afọ n'ihi ọkwá pụrụ iche ya n'ọhịa dị ụkọ n'ụwa. Onye kachasị ọrụ nke neodmium metal bụ ihe na-adịgide adọrọ. Ntụgharị nke ndfeb na-adịgide adịgide magnets na-agbanwe agbanwe na-eme ka ọnọdụ dị omimi n'ụwa dị elu. A na-akpọ magnet NDFEB "eze nke mkpali na-adịgide adịgide" n'ihi ndọta ume nke ume ya dị elu. Ihe ịga nke ọma mmepe nke Alfa magnetic na-egosi na akụrụngwa ndọta nke ndfeB magnet na China abanyela ọkwa ụwa. A na-ejikwa neodmium na ihe ndị na-abụghị ndị na-adịghị asọ oyi. Na-agbakwunye 1.5-2.5% neodmium n'ime magnesium magnesium magnesium ma ọ bụ aluminom nwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ dị elu dị elu, ikuku na-eguzogide usoro alroy. Na mgbakwunye, neodmium yttrium allenet garnet na-emepụta mmiri laser laser, nke na-eji ya na ịgbado ma na-ete ihe dị mkpa na ụlọ ọrụ. Na ọgwụgwọ, ND: A na-eji yag laser iji wepu ịwa ahụ ma ọ bụ na-ekpochapụ ọnya kama nke sclopel. A na-ejikwa neodmium maka iko agba na ihe ceramic yana dịka ihe mgbakwunye maka ngwaahịa roba.
5
Trollium (PM)
Thelọ Ọrụ Thulis bụ ihe na-eme ngwa ngwa nke ndị nuklia na-emepụta (map data)
Enwere ike iji ya dị ka ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ. Nye ikike inyeaka maka nchọpụta oghere na satịlatiiti.
(2) PM147 na-asaghe ike β-rays, nke enwere ike iji mepụta batrị Cymbal. Dị ka akụrụngwa nke ngwa ntuziaka na elekere. Ofdị batrị a dị obere na nha ma enwere ike iji ya mee ihe ruo ọtụtụ afọ. Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa Mistium na-eji na ntanetị X- nke phosphor, nkwadebe nke phosphor, nha ọkpụrụkpụ na oriọna.
6
Samarium (sm)
Asarium nke igwe (map data)
Sm bụ edo edo, ma ọ bụ akụrụngwa nke ndọta SM-Cono na-adịgide magnet bụ magnet bụ mbu magnet kachasị na ụlọ ọrụ. Enwere ụdị abụọ na-adịgide adịgide magnets na-adịgide adịgide: Sistemu SM25 na SM2CO17 Sistem. Ná mmalite afọ 1970s, e mepụtara sistemụ SMCO5, a na-ahụ usoro SM2CO17 n'oge ọzọ. Ugbu a ihe bu ụzọ dị mkpa. Ịdị ọcha nke samerium oxide eji na ebe a na-ahụ maka sabtartium chọrọ ịdị oke. Ideringtụle ọnụ ahịa ahụ, ọkachasị iji ihe dị ka 95% nke ngwaahịa. Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa Samerium si na caramic ndị na-enweghị atụ. Na mgbakwunye, Samerium nwere akụrụngwa nuklia, nke enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe owuwu, ihe eji eme ihe na ihe ndị na-achịkwa ike, ka enwere ike iji ike dị ukwuu na-emepụta site na mkpụrụ ego nuklia n'enweghị nsogbu.
7
Europe (EU)
Epium Mixide Oxide (Map data)
A na-ejikarị Europe Oxide maka phosphors (data data)
N'afọ 1901, Eugene-Angedemarcarcaị chọpụtara ihe ọhụrụ site na "Samerium", aha Europe. Eleghị anya akpọrọ nke a mgbe okwu ahụ Europe. A na-ejikarị eypium oxide eme ihe maka fluorescent ntụ. EU3 + dị ka onye na-arụ ọrụ nke uhie uhie, na EU2 + dị ka phosphor acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ugbu a Y2O3 + kachasị mma na arụmọrụ dị iche iche, mkpuchi nkwụsi ike, a na-ejikwa ya ebe niile, na-eme ka arụmọrụ dị iche iche na-eme ka ọ dị iche iche. Ejirikwala Europium Oxide dị ka ihe na-akpali maka ọrịa nyocha nke X-ray ọhụrụ n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Enwekwara ike iji Europaium Oxide maka ihe nzacha na-emepụta ihe, maka nzacha a na-arụ ọrụ, ọ nwekwara ike igosipụta onyinye ya na ihe nchịkwa, ihe na-echebe ihe na usoro usoro nke atomic.
8
GaDolinium (GD)
GaDolinium na eriri ya bụ Neutron na-atọ ụtọ ma enwere ike iji ya rụọ ọrụ dị ka ndị na-egbochi ndị agha nuklia. (data data)
(1) Ihe mgbagwoju anya mmiri ya nwere ike ime ka ihe ngosi nke aru mmadu na aru ike.
(2) Enwere ike iji sọlfọ oxide ya dị ka matrix grid nke oscilloscope tube na ihuenyo X-ray na ìhè pụrụ iche.
(3) GaDolinium na Gadolinium galne garnet bụ ezigbo mkpụrụ maka ebe nchekwa afụ.
(4) Enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe dị mma magnetition dị ala na-enweghị mmachi camction.
(5) A na-eji ya dị ka onye na-egbochi ya iji chịkwaa ọkwa ụda olu nke osisi nuklia iji hụ na nchekwa nke mmeghachi omume nuklia.
(6) A na-eji ya dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ọkwa awara awara awara iji hụ na arụmọrụ ahụ agbanwebeghị na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ.
9
Terbium (TB)
Terbiumxide ntụ ntụ (map data map)
Ngwa nke Tarbium na-etinyekarị ọkwa ọgbara elu, nke bụ ọrụ na-ebute teknụzụ na ihe ọmụma na ihe ọmụma na uru akụ na ụba, yana atụmanya mmepe mmepe.
A na-eji phosphors ntụ ntụ nke tricoloro ndị na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ, dị ka terbium na-arụ ọrụ magbium na-arụ ọrụ magbium na-arụ ọrụ magbilium na-arụ ọrụ na steeti ahụ nwere obi ụtọ.
(2) Magto-Soft. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ihe ndị na-adịbeghị anya magneto - ngwa anya erutela ogo nke oke oke. A na-eji ndọta magneto-anya dị ka ihe nkiri TB-RE na-eji dị ka nchekwa kọmputa, yana ikike nchekwa site na 10 ~ 15.
(3) iko magneto-anya, na-enwe ihe dị mkpa iko bụ ihe dị mkpa maka imepụta rotators, ndị na-ekesasị na ndị na-aghọrọ ndị na-egbu egbu na teknụzụ laser. Karịsịa, mmepe nke Terfenol emeghela ngwa ọhụụ nke Terfenol, nke bụ ihe ọhụrụ achọpụtara na 1970s. Ọkara nke albuy a mejupụtara terbium na dysprosium, mgbe ụfọdụ na ndị ọzọ bụ iron.the na-ebu ụzọ mepụtara site na alsoy Latatory na Iowa, USA. Mgbe etinyere Toufanol na ndọta, nha ya na-agbanwe karịa nke ihe ndọta nkịtị, nke nwere ike ime ka ụfọdụ mmegharị arụ ọrụ nwere ike. A na-ejikarị ígwè iri na ụma na Senar na mbụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, usoro na ndị na-ahụ maka igwefoto oghere ụgbọ elu.
10
Dy (dy)
Ọla ọcha dysprosium (map data)
(1) Dị ka mgbakwunye nke ndọtị na-adịgide adịgide, na-agbakwunye ihe dị ka 2 ~ 3% na magnet a nwere ike imezi ike ya. N'oge gara aga, achọrọ ihe irighiri mmiri ezughi oke, mana ọ bụ ihe achọrọ maka ọnyà NDFEB, ọ ghọrọ ihe dị mkpa, na ọkwa ga-abụ ihe dị ka 95 ~ 99.9%, na ihe ndị ahụ na-abawanye ngwa ngwa.
(2) DysProsium na-eji ya dị ka onye na-arụ ọrụ nke phosphor. DysProsium bụ nkwa na-arụ ọrụ ion nke stricloor luminescerts nwere otu Luminescer Center. Ọ bụ na-enwe otu ọpụpụ abụọ, otu bụ oriọna ìhè na-acha odo odo, nke ọzọ bụ nnukwu ọkụ ọkụ. Enwere ike iji ihe ụmụ irighiri akwara mee ihe dị ka tricoloro.
(3) DysProsium bụ ihe dị mkpa iji na-akwadebe Terfenol alloy na allioy, nke nwere ike ịghọta ihe omume ụfọdụ zuru oke. (4) DysPrusium Metal nwere ike iji ihe dị ka ihe dị anya magleto-anya nwere ngwa ngwa dị elu na ọgụgụ ọgụgụ isi.
(5) Ejiri ya na nkwadebe nke mmiri doysprosium, ihe eji eme ihe eji eme ihe na-acha uhie uhie, nke a na-enwe oke okpomọkụ, ma jiri ya dị ka isi iyi maka ihe nkiri na ibi akwụkwọ.
(6) DysProsium na-eji ihe dị ka ihe dị nkọ neutron ma ọ bụ dị ka neutron na-abata na ụlọ ọrụ nke atom n'ihi nnukwu akụkụ Neutrọn buru ibu.
(7) A nwekwara ike iji Dy3al5o12 dị ka ndọta na-arụ ọrụ maka ndọta magnetinetic. Site na mmepe nke sayensị na teknụzụ, a ga-agbasa ubi nke ihe irighiri mmiri ma gbatịkwuo.
11
Holmium (ho)
Ho-Feloy (maapụ data)
Ugbu a, a chọrọ ịmalite ngwa ngwa ngwa nke iron, ihe oriri adịghị oke nke ukwuu. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a na-akpọlite ụlọ nyocha nyocha ụwa nke Baotou Cel nke dị elu na teknụzụ dị elu nke ahịhịa dị elu, ma zụlite ọdịbe dị elu nke adịghị ọcha nke adịghị ike ụwa.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, isi ihe eji emechi bụ:
(1) dị ka oriọna nke igwe, oriọna nke igwe bụ ụdị oriọna gas, nke a na-ewulite na bọlbụ ahụ jupụtara n'ụwa dị iche iche. Ugbu a, a na-ejikarị ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe ụwa, nke na-apụta n'usoro dị iche iche mgbe ọpụpụ gas. A na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na oriọna na-eme ihe na oriọna ahụ bụ qin qin qin qin qin qin nke a nwere ike inweta nke ọla, na-emezi arụmọrụ radieshon.
(2) Enwere ike iji ígwè mee ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye maka ịdekọ ihe ọ bụla
(3) Khin-Dood Aluminom Garnet Garnet (Ho: Yag) nwere ike met laser 2um laser site na akwara mmadụ dị elu, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ iwu atọ dị elu karịa nke HD: Yag. Ya mere, mgbe ọ na-eji ho: yag yag maka ọrụ ahụ ike, ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị eme ka arụmọrụ arụmọrụ na izi ezi belata mpaghara ọkụ ọkụ ahụ ka obere. A na-eme ka oke kristal ahụ mepụta abụba nwere ike iwepụ oke ọkụ na United States nwere ike belata ọkwa nke Glauclal, yabụ ọ dị mkpa ịzụlite ma rụpụta ụdị kristal a.
(4) Enwere ike itinye obere obere cr magnonostrive Terfenol-d iji belata ubi mpụga achọrọ maka ndọta saturation.
(5) Na mgbakwunye, eriri iron nwere ike iji biber, fiber fiber, ihe mmetụta fiber na ngwaọrụ nkwukọrịta ndị ọzọ eji eme ngwa ngwa na usoro nkwukọrịta ngwa ngwa taa
12
Erbium (er)
Erbiumxidexide ntụ ntụ (Chaịnye Ozi)
(1) Ohere nke ER3 + na 1550nm nwere ihe pụrụ iche, n'ihi na ebe a na-efegharị efe efe na ọnwụ nke akụrụngwa dị ala. Mgbe 980nm na 1480nm Ìhè nke 1480nm, nri ion (er3 +) na ala ike na steeti dị elu na ala, ọ na-apụta ìhè na steeti. Oriri Qaartz nwere ike bufee ihe dị iche iche na-efe efe na-ekwu okwu dị iche iche (0.15) Sistemụ nkwukọrịta dị ka ụkpụrụ laser si kwuo, ya mere, na setickomumus Network nke kwesịrị ịtụle akara ngosi dị egwu 1550N, nri mmiri na-ada ada Amplifier bụ ngwa anya dị mkpa. Ugbu a, a na-akọ nri silica fiber Amplifier.it iji mee ka ihe dị iche iche na-abawanye ụba, ego a na-ahụ maka ppm.The mmepe nke ppm.
(2) (2) na mgbakwunye, nri mmiri na-acha uhie uhie na ihe ọ na-eme, ikike ngagharị dị mma, na-adịghị mfe iji hụ radieshon nke ebumnuche ndị agha buru ibu. E meela ya ka ọ bụrụ oke laser na-enweghị nchekwa nke kwesịrị nchekwa maka anya mmadụ na-eji ndị agha.
(3) (3) ER3 + (enwere ike itinye ya n'ime iko iji mee ihe iko litere ụwa, nke bụ akwụkwọ laser siri ike na ike mmepụta kachasị elu na ike mmepụta kachasị elu na ike mmepụta kachasị elu.
(4) ER3 + nwekwara ike iji ya dị ka ion na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ụwa nke ahịhịa laser.
(5) (5) Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike iji ụdọ ahụ mee ihe maka ịchọ mma na agba nke iko iko na iko kristal.
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Testium (TM)
Mgbe a na-agbaghasịsịrị na ihe mmeghachi omume nuklia, Thulium na-emepụta canotope nke nwere ike Imit x-ray, nke enwere ike iji ya dị ka isi mmalite X-ray(Map data)
(1)TM A na-eji ya dị ka mkpụrụ ndụ nke igwe X-ray. Mgbe a na-agbaghasịsịrị na ngụkọta nuklia,TMNa-arụpụta ụdị njikọta nke nwere ike ịme X-ray X-ray, nke enwere ike iji mee ka ọ bụrụ ọbara ọbara na-ebugharị. Kinddị radiometer a nwere ike ịgbanwe Yu-169 n'imeTM-170 n'okpuru ihe dị elu na nke etiti, na radiate x-ray na ọbara na-adịghị ala ala ma belata sel ọbara. Ọ bụ sel ọbara ọbara ndị a na-eme ka ịjụkọta mkpụrụ osisi, ka ị belata ọjụjụ akụkụ akụkụ akụkụ akụkụ akụkụ akụkụ ahụ.
(2) (2)TMA nwekwara ike iji ya na nyocha nke ụlọ ọgwụ na ọgwụgwọ nke na-akpụ akpụ n'ihi oke ụwa na-adabara karịa ìhè nke yu bụ onye kachasị ukwuu.
(3) (3) A na-eji ndị na-eme layr X-By ray) dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-eme ka mmadụ ghara ịdị anya, yabụ, na -ebelata ihe dị mkpa na ngwa ahụike.
(4) (4) Enwere ike iji oriọna na-eme ihe mkpuchi dị ka ihe na-atọ ụtọ na mmiri ọkụ ọhụrụ.
(5) (5) A ga-agbakwunye ya na iko iji mee ihe iko lister dị ụkọ, nke bụ ihe siri ike nke na mmepụta nke kachasị mma, enwere ike iji ya dị ka mmepụta ion nke dị ụkọ.
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Ytterbium (yb)
Ytterbium metal (map data)
(1) dị ka ikuku na - egbochi ihe mkpuchi.
(2) dị ka ihe dị ka ihe dị ka ihe ngosi.
(3) ihe eji eme ihe eji eme ihe. Nnwale ihe ngosi nke enyo enyo ahụ dị elu na oke nrụgide nke calibrated, nke na-emeghe ụzọ ọhụụ maka itinye nke enyo ahụ na ntinye aka.
(4) Ihe mejupụtara resings maka oghere nke mowol iji dochie ọla ọcha na-ejikarị n'oge gara aga.
(5) Ndị ọkà mmụta Japanese emeela nkwadebe nke nyocha nke enyo na Garnet Bradidide ahịrị Liner, nke dị ezigbo mkpa na teknụzụ laser. Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa enyo ahụ mee ihe maka onye mgbalị powsorcent, ceramics redio, ihe ngosi kọmputa kọmputa
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Lututium (Lu)
Ntụ ntụ ntụ (Map data)
Yttrium letus metilitium crystal (maapụ data)
(1) mee ụfọdụ alloys pụrụ iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike iji nyocha alloy na-eme nyocha maka nyocha Neutron.
(2) Steuttium lubetium na-egwu ọrụ castletic na petrolem cracking, alkylation, hydrogen na polymerization.
(3) Ihe mgbakwunye Yttrium ígwè ma ọ bụ yttrium aluminom gernet nwere ike ime ka ụfọdụ ihe dị mma.
(4) akụrụngwa nke ndọta ndọta magnetiir.
(5) Ihe mejupụtara kristal arụ ọrụ, nke Lutotium-na-ada ada na neodmium Tetralate, bụ nke teknuzu anụ na-eto kristal. Nnwale na-egosi na Lutetium-doped Nyab Crystal dị elu karịa Nyab Cristal na Unififity Unifornity na arụmọrụ laser.
(6) Achọpụtala ya na Lutetium nwere ngwa ndị nwere ike itinye na ngosipụta electrochic na semicular molecular molecular. Na mgbakwunye, a na-eji Lebutium na-ejikwa teknụzụ batrị dị mma ma rụọ ọrụ nke Phosphor.
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Yttrium (Y)
A na-eji YTtrium A ga-eji ya nke ọma, a ga-eji ya garnet garnet, yttrium ígwè maka ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa, na Europium yttrium oxide dị ka phosphors for. (data data)
(1) Ihe mgbakwunye maka nchara na-enweghị ferrous. FECR Alloy na-ejikarị 0,5-4% yttrium, nke nwere ike ịkwalite nguzozi na ntinye nke na-enweghị isi; O doro anya na akụrụngwa MB26 ka mma site na ịgbakwunye uru nke yttrium-bara ụba nke ọma, nke nwere ike dochie alloys na-agba agba agba agba agba agba agba agba. Dinggbakwunye obere yttrium na-aba ụba nke ụwa na al-zr alloy, omume nke alloy nwere ike ịdị mma; Igwe eji eme ihe na China nabatara Alloy. Na-agbakwunye YTTTICICIum n'ime alrey Alloy na-eme ka ihe omume na ike arụ ọrụ.
(2) Silicon nitric osisi nwere 6% yttrium na 2% aluminom nwere ike iji zụlite akụkụ injin.
(3) ND: Y: Al: Al: Garnet Laser Styree na Ike nke 400 Watts na-eji egwu egwu, gbue ma weld nnukwu ihe mejupụtara.
(4) Ihe igwefoto elektrọn na-eji klọọkụ na-acha uhie uhie nwere nnukwu fluorecence dị ukwuu, ịdị ala dị ala nke ìhè na-agbasa, ma dịkwa elu na-eguzogide ọnọdụ okpomọkụ.
(5) Enwere ike iji yottrium dị elu nke Yttrium nwere ike iji 90% yttrium na ụgbọ elu na ebe ndị ọzọ chọrọ njupụta dị ala ma na-agbaze.
(6) Yttrium-doped srzro3 nke dị elu, nke na-adọta uche dị elu ugbu a, bụ ihe dị mkpa maka mmepụta mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ, cellcrolytic na gas cell chọrọ nsrogen hydrogen elu. Na mgbakwunye, a na-eji YTtrium na-ejikwa ya dị elu nke okpomọkụ, nwere nsogbu maka mmanụ na-emegharị atọ, mgbakwunye maka ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide, yana onye na-eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ eletrik.
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Scandium (SC)
Scandium metal (Map data)
E jiri ya tụnyere ihe YTtrium na lanthanide, scandium nwere obere ikuku na-adịghị ike na alkalinity nke hydroxide. Ya mere, mgbe Scandium na ụwa dị ụkọ, scandium ga-ebu ụzọ mesoo ya na amonia (ma ọ bụ ngụkọta alkali (ma ọ bụ nke dị mfe na-emeso ihe ndị dị na Amonia (ma ọ bụ nke dị mfe. Thiszọ ọzọ bụ iji nitrate polatization nke nitrate maka nitrate.scdium nitrate bụ nke kachasị mfe decom, si otú ahụ nweta ebumnuche nkewa.
Enwere ike inweta sc site na electrolysis. ScCL3, KCL na licl na-agbaze n'oge scandium na-emegharị ya, ka scandium na-ebugharị na electrolysis, mgbe ahụ, a na-ebugharị zinc na-ebugharị ka ọ nweta scandium ka ọ nweta scandium. Na mgbakwunye, Scandium na-agbake ngwa ngwa na-adị ngwa mgbe ịhazi Uranium, thoria na ihe ndị na-egbu egbu. Njedebe nke Scandium sitere na Tungsten na tin ma ọ bụ otu n'ime ụzọ dị mkpa nke Scandium.scandium bụ mAinly State na creadent na ogige, nke a na-adị mfe oxidized dị mfe na ikuku ma tụfuo ya na-acha uhie uhie ma na-atụgharị agba ọchịchịrị.
Isi ihe eji eme ihe
(1) Scandium nwere ike imeghachi na mmiri ọkụ ịhapụ hydrogen, ma na-agbanye na acid, yabụ, ọ bụ onye na-ebelata ike.
(2) Scandium oxide na hydroxide bụ naanị alkaline, mana ash nnu enweghị ike ịbụ hydrolyzed. Scandium chloride bụ kristal ọcha, na-agbanye na mmiri ma megharia ikuku. (3) Na ụlọ ọrụ Metallurgical, a na-ejikarị Scandium mee alloys (ihe mgbakwunye nke alloys) iji meziwanye ike, isi ike, iguzogide na arụmọrụ nke alloys. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịgbakwunye obere ego nke scandium na ígwè a na-awụfu ihe nke igwe nke ihe nkedo, ebe ị na-agbakwunye obere ego na aluminom nwere ike ime ka ike ya na nguzogide ya.
(4) N'ime ụlọ ọrụ elektrọnik, enwere ike iji scandium dị ka ngwaọrụ Somiconductor dị iche iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye nke scandium sọlfọ na semiconductors dọtara uche n'ụlọ na mba ọzọ, na ndị a na-eme mkpọtụ na-ekwe nkwa naColọ kọmputa ndọta kọmputa.
(5) N'ime ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ, a na-eji ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ dị ka mmanya na-egbu egbu na ihe na-egbu egbu, nke bụ ihe kachasị mma maka mmepụta nke ethylene na chrorine site na mkpofu ahihia acidloric acid.
(6) N'ime ụlọ ọrụ na-akụ, enwere ike ịrụpụta scandium.
(7) N'ime ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ ọkụ eletriki, scandium na supandium oriọna nke Scandium na sodium nwere uru dị elu nke arụmọrụ dị elu na agba ọkụ.
(8) Scandium dị n'ụdị 45ssc na okike. Na mgbakwunye, enwere usoro redio itoolu nke Scandium, ya bụ 40 ~ 44sc na 46 ~ 49sc. N'etiti ha, 46sc, dị ka onye na-azọcha, na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ, Mitalliggy na Osisi. Na ọgwụ, enwere ndị mmadụ na-amụ ihe site na iji 46SC iji gwọọ ọrịa kansa.
Oge Post: Jul-04-2022